Public Diplomacy
Olympic games is much more with sport competition. It is one of the most powerful tools of public diplomacy of the host country. We are following successes and failures of public diplomacy in the Olympic Games, including 2024 Paris. Read more on Olympic Diplomacy.
About public diplomacy
There is no agreed definition of public diplomacy. Fitzpatrick identified 150 definitional statements of public diplomacy.[1] All of them can be situated between the wide and narrow definitions of public diplomacy.
The wide definition treats it as an expression of soft power and makes the point that PD, covering networking and other core activities, is diplomacy.[2] Such an approach is excellent for focusing on how PD integrates all the soft outreach promotional activities covering culture, education, the media and even some elements of economic work. This is good as an approach but not for operational purposes because each activity has its own context and needs.
Thus cultural outreach is PD, but it is best handled as cultural diplomacy, with its own participants and its ground rules. The same is true of educational promotion work, consular work, outreach to scientific and other research institutions and the like.
The narrow definition confines the focus of PD to influencing the public at home and abroad on issues relating to foreign affairs. This is fine for concentration on the operational activities that PD must first implement, and the specific methods that are to be deployed for that, mostly in partnership with the other domestic actors.
For instance, the PD department in a foreign ministry can treat this definition as the basis for its own activities. But if it were to attempt to function on the basis of the wide definition, it would quickly find itself in contention with the agencies that handle this broad range of activities.
[1] Fitzpatrick, K.R. 2010. The Future of US Public Diplomacy: An Uncertain Fait. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff.
[2] Arguing the case for PD one expert writes: ‘Increasingly in the twenty-first century, diplomacy will be public diplomacy.’ Shaun Rirodan, ‘Dialogue-based Public Diplomacy: a New Foreign Policy Paradigm?’ New Public Diplomacy, (Palgrave Macmillian, Basingstoke, 2005) p. 187.
Updates
Research in Public Diplomacy
Diplo conducts multidisciplinary research in public diplomacy. It is evidence-based research with a strong focus on practice in public diplomacy institutions worldwide. Diplo’s research niche is research on the needs of countries with limited and financial resoruces for conducting comprehensive public diplomacy campaigns. Diplo’s research complement current research in the field of PD that focuses mainly on the position and experience of the major players (Untied States, UK, China).
Research activities include:
Academic research by Diplo’s academic staff
MA thesis written by students
In the collection of MA thesis the following titles deal with public diplomacy related issues:
Public Diplomacy and Nation Brand | The Positive Branding of Islam: A Case Study of Islamic Countries, their Public Diplomacy Efforts and Effectiveness | Establishment of Public Diplomacy in Slovakia: An Effective New Approach | The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Diplomacy and Diplomatic Service | The Role of the Beijing Olympics in China’s Public Diplomacy and its Impact on Politics, Economics and Environment | Cultural Diplomacy An Essential and Creative Component in the Toolkit of Contemporary Diplomacy | The Role of Public Diplomacy in the Resolution of African Disputes: Civil Society Action in Sierra Leone | Virtual Diplomacy: Diplomacy of the Digital Age
Conferences and panels
Latest events on public diplomacy. You can consult the previous events on public diplomacy.
Publications (see books)
Public Diplomacy in Multilateral Relations
The goal of public diplomacy for international organisations is to ensure a positive perception of their activities among opinion formers, the media, and members of the public who will consequently support continued involvement by their governments in the organisation’s activities. This will involve persuading their audiences that the activities they undertake are relevant and yield positive benefits.
In order to implement a successful communication or public diplomacy strategy, an international organisation must be clear and unanimous about its goals and the message it wants to convey. Organisation secretariats should embrace new technology and imaginative methods of spreading their messages, identify ways to accommodate the circumstances of the membership. All member states should promote the objectives and values of the organisation in question and should play their part by providing the necessary financial resources, expertise, information, and technology to allow the staff to project the right image and message.
But several questions remain. Who should bear the principal burden of responsibility for explaining and promoting the organisation to the national populations within the member states? Should the secretariat of the organisation take the principal role, or should it be the respective governments? How far can an international secretariat go in identifying shortcomings within the membership to uphold the goals of the organisation in order to preserve overall credibility? Who is best placed to assess public perceptions through opinion surveys and other instruments and who is best placed to respond to specific concerns or questions? Should the role of the secretariats be limited to anodyne glossy publications or web-based factual information or can they take on a more strategic role? The institutions themselves should not be subject to the vagaries and unpredictability of national politics and can in principle take a long-term approach to public diplomacy which is often beyond national governments. Few regional or international organisations can yet be said to do this effectively.
Excerpts from Diplo’s online course on Public Diplomacy – text written by Liz Galvez
From our blog
The winding road to understanding soft power
22 April 2024
In my blog entry The Soft Underbelly of 'Soft' Power – I, I waxed sceptical about Joseph S. Nye’s ‘soft power’. I disliked the intertwining of persuasion and brute power. Persuasion backed by power tends to be...
‘Soft power’ is nothing more than influence
16 November 2023
Diplomatic theory and practice, Public Diplomacy, Soft Power Diplomacy, Types of diplomacy
The term ‘soft power’ (and its siblings ‘hard power’ and ‘smart power’), employed to embrace a particular category of resources of potential power, originated in the stable of Joseph S. Nye Jr, a Harvard U...
Gender equality in diplomacy: Chinese and other foreign ministries
21 May 2023
Diplomatic functions and tools, Foreign ministries, Gender rights online, Public Diplomacy
The Chinese Foreign Ministry made a welcome change in its external public outreach after 3 September 2021. While Chinese easily identify male and female names, foreigners lacking full mastery over the language (i.e., ...
A brief history of Yoga diplomacy
22 June 2022
Contemporary diplomacy, Cultural diplomacy, Cultural diversity, Health diplomacy, Intercultural communication, Nation branding, Public Diplomacy, Sports diplomacy, Yoga diplomacy
Yoga, said Narendra Modi at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in September 2014, is not just exercise. 'By changing our lifestyle and creating consciousness, it can also help us deal with climate change.' He ...
Training and courses
Events
Summit on Digital Diplomacy and Governance
17 Nov 22 - 19 Nov 22
[WebDebate #49] Emojis in public diplomacy: Best practices and lessons learned
06 Jul 21 - 06 Jul 21
Online
Resources
2019
Humanitarian public diplomacy: International calls to action in the digital era
This dissertation examines IOs (IOs) as emerging stars in the constellation of diplomatic actors, as extra-state and supra-state entities that do not replace, but rather complement, align with and encourage states. Specifically focusing on humanitarian - those attentiv... Read more...
2019
The Diplomacy of Ancient Greece – A Short Introduction
Employed against a warlike background, the diplomatic methods of the ancient Greeks are thought by some to have been useless but by others to have been the most advanced seen prior to modern times.... Read more...
2018
Nation branding and the role of public diplomacy in assisting small island states in developing strong nation brands
The concept of applying branding principles and strategies to nation states has been around for decades. However, in recent years, the concept has occupied prime attention in academia and the business sector.... Read more...
2015
Twitter and Diplomacy: How Social Networking is Changing Foreign Policy
The article discusses the impact of social networking, particularly Twitter, on foreign policy and diplomacy, highlighting how governments and leaders are using these platforms to engage with each other and the public in real-time, influencing international relations. ... Read more...
2015
Twiplomacy Study 2015
The Twiplomacy Study 2015 analyzed the Twitter accounts of 669 heads of state and government, revealing that 86 percent have a presence on the platform. With a combined total of over 300 million followers, these leaders use Twitter for diplomatic relations and communic... Read more...
2014
Public Diplomacy’s Branding Trap
In "Public Diplomacy's Branding Trap," the author warns against oversimplifying and relying too heavily on branding in public diplomacy efforts. They argue that focusing too much on branding can diminish the complexity and nuances of a country's image, potentially lead... Read more...
2014
Activities of the Department of Public Information: Strategic communications services
The Department of Public Information provides strategic communications services.... Read more...
2014
Data-driven Public Diplomacy: Progress Towards Measuring the Impact of Public Diplomacy and International Broadcasting Activities
The text discusses the progress made in measuring the impact of public diplomacy and international broadcasting activities.... Read more...