The baneful role of gerrymandering in US history
DeepDipGerrymandering in US history, from the 3/5 rule in the Constitution to modern-day practices, has influenced the country's political landscape significantly. The manipulation of district boundaries has long-lasting effects, impacting issues such as slavery, civil rights, and partisan dominance. This practice has led to political extremism, polarization, and a lack of inclusivity in the political process. Gerrymandering shapes the political culture of the US, creating safe seats and fostering segregation. It has become deeply entrenched in the system, perpetuating division and inequality.
The Trump swerve
DeepDipThe emergence of Trumpism with Donald Trump's candidacy led to a significant shift in political discourse and international relations. Trump's jingoism and attack on established norms have widened the scope of political possibilities, making the world a more fragile place. The Trump swerve has potential global and national consequences, challenging existing systems and institutions, and setting a precedent that could be followed by future leaders, ultimately impacting the stability of the political landscape.
On the limits of international law
DeepDipAnalogies can provide insightful perspectives, as illustrated by an engineering case study in New York. The story highlights the dangers of blindly following rules without critical thinking or communication. The parallels between this scenario and the limitations of international law are drawn, emphasizing how codes can become barriers when not questioned or when conflicting interests are at play. The text suggests that rigid adherence to legalistic approaches can lead to hypocrisy, eroding trust and hindering effective decision-making. The need for balancing trade-offs and addressing flaws in legal systems is emphasized.
What is virtue?
DeepDipThe message delves into the concept of virtue, tracing its origins from Confucian teachings to its presence in philosophical works by Plato, Aristotle, and stoicism. The text emphasizes that virtue is not a clearly defined concept but rather a practice that emerges through experience, defying straightforward definition. An example of an 800-year-old bonsai tree is used to illustrate the intricacies of virtue, highlighting the importance of harmony, respect for uniqueness, and the complex, multi-layered process that leads to a unique outcome. The writer advocates for embracing the complexities of individual judgment rather than rigid categorical or universal principles in understanding virtue.
Is there “diplomatic theory”?
DeepDipThe text discusses the role of diplomats as agents of the state, executing policies within the context of international relations. It explores the emergence of different diplomatic theories and the challenges faced in modern diplomacy, highlighting the evolving dynamics between state and non-state actors. The text also delves into the influence of power- and rule-based international relations, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of modern diplomacy beyond traditional theories. The message concludes by suggesting potential research avenues to address the complexities of diplomatic practice.
Do states “strive to attain as many resources as possible?”
DeepDipThe text discusses the question of whether states are relentless maximizers or optimizers in acquiring resources. It also touches on the importance of surrender and peacemaking in international relations, highlighting the need for more focus on building durable settlements after conflicts. The text emphasizes the reflective nature of surrender and peace compared to the instinctive reactions in war, and it explores historical shifts in surrender rules, particularly exemplified by Wilson's 14 points after World War I. Diplomacy and the balance between regime and state survival are also central themes.
The role of the 3-I in international relations
DeepDipThe text discusses the importance of domestic politics in shaping foreign policies, particularly in the context of international relations. It highlights the interplay between domestic and foreign policy decisions, emphasizing the role of both endogenous and exogenous factors. The text also delves into the manipulation of public opinion, specifically through the "deadly 3-I combination" of Ignorance, Idealism, and Interest, which can obscure the truth on the ground. Furthermore, it references specific historical examples, such as the impact of the China Lobby on American foreign policy towards Asia.
War, dirty tricks, and false analogies
DeepDipDeception, covert operations, and false analogies are discussed in the context of war and international relations. Examples provided include Allied strategies in WWII, covert interventions in various regions, and the consequences of supporting Islamic fundamentalists in Afghanistan. The text highlights the challenges and risks involved in covert operations, emphasizing the difficulty of changing failed policies and the potential consequences of past interventions. Mention is made of the ongoing repercussions of these actions and the complexities of global power struggles.
Mowgli, science, and religion
DeepDipThe story of Mowgli from Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Book highlights the connection between science, curiosity, and storytelling. Mowgli's understanding of the jungle makes him a scientist, but his knowledge is rejected by the villagers who prefer fantastical tales. This rejection symbolizes society's struggle between knowledge and storytelling. The narrative suggests that bridging this gap is crucial to overcoming fear of science and preserving social identity. Ultimately, the tale of Mowgli serves as a cautionary reminder about the importance of balancing knowledge, imagination, and belief in society.
The Sunni search for self-respect
DeepDipPresident Xi Jinping of China has shown a fondness for Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea," aligning with Chinese literature's theme of standing up to injustice and seeking self-respect. The message emphasizes China's quest for social vindication within its traditional order, contrasting with Western attempts to understand religious nationalism in the Sunni world, suggesting that feelings of impotence lead to extremism. The text questions if Islam will assert itself with defiance but not aggression or resort to violence for self-respect, urging the West to acknowledge religious nationalism's nuances and avoid a clash of civilizations.